The genus contains about 40 known species, most of which are narrow endemics to parts of madagascar with. Terrestrial or epilithic herb to 40 cm 16 in tall in flower. Common name the shining spots oeceoclades flower size 2 12 6. The tropical species ground orchid, oeceoclades maculata syn.
It certainly has its origins in western africa, but some time made the journey we assume by natural means to the tropical americas, where it has been known from brazil since at least the mid1800s, as well as parts of the caribbean. Definitions of terms are available in the gcw introduction. Eulophidium maculatum, was first discovered in florida by dr. This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts and records obtained from usda plants database. It is related to eulophia and like that genus is mostly terrestrial in habit. Oeceoclades maculata ufifas center for aquatic and. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. It has nonfragrant flowers that appear in the late summer and fall on a basal, erect, to 12 long, racemose, laxly 12 or more flowered and needs even watering and fertilizer year round. Robert grimm while leading a group of botany students through matheson hammock dade. Monk orchid, african spotted orchid oeceoclades maculata. Currently, this species is found throughout the neotropics, making it one of the most successful invasive plants stern, 1988 and it is included in the world compendium of weeds. Oeceoclades maculata was the most abundant of three orchid species surveyed and was found in all four historical cover classes.
Oeceoclades maculata, an alien tropical orchid in a. The stem is modified into a pseudobulb, often concealed by overlapping, fibrous sheaths with leathery, dark green patterned leaves. It certainly has its origins in western africa, but some time made the journey we assume by natural means to the tropical americas, where it has been known from brazil since. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Oeceoclades maculata ufifas assessment university of. The best description is that the plant looks similar to a butterfly oncidium psychopsis with. Oeceoclades maculata grows among leaf detritus and rocks. Greek oikeios, of a household latin oeceos, and latin clades, destruction, possibly alluding to breaking up of existing classification roger l. The plant list includes 55 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus oeceoclades. Orchidaceae of the municipality of caldas novas, state of goias, brazil. Pdf agedependent mycorrhizal specificity in an invasive. It was first described by the english botanist john lindley as angraecum maculatum in 1821 based on a specimen collected from. It is unclear exactly how this plant arrived in florida, and many theories are offered.
Oeceoclades maculata is the most successful invasive orchid in the neotropics. Of recent introduction to the french antilles and florida, it is a species with invasive behaviour. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about species, natural hybrid orchid, monk orchid, spotted oeceoclades oeceoclades maculata supplied by. Oeceoclades maculata, an alien tropical orchid in a caribbean rainforest annals of botany 104. Hammer herbs, terrestrial rarely on rocks or epiphytic, erect. Mar 29, 2017 cultivo da orquidea oeceoclades maculata duration. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
Species collector orchids oeceoclades species collector orchids view hot growing orchids 65f to 90f. It produces a very short rhizomatous stem that is covered with secondary stems that are expanded to form below ground, rounded pseudobulbs up to 6 cm in length. It was first described by the english botanist john lindley as angraecum maculatum in 1821 based on a. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about species, natural hybrid orchid, monk orchid, spotted oeceoclades oeceoclades maculata supplied by member gardeners in the plantfile. The flowers are fairly small one above taken with a loop on a digital camera in macro but the flower is wonderful. Eddmaps distribution this map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts, herbaria, and literature. Cactus jungle, marin sir francis drake blvd, san anselmo, ca 94960. Anatomy of the invasive orchid oeceoclades maculata. Species, natural hybrid orchid, monk orchid, spotted oeceoclades. Oeceoclades is a genus of terrestrial, rarely epiphytic, orchids ranging from africa and madagascar, the west indies and tropical america. Discovered in florida in 1974, this orchid is rapidly colonizing new habitats in the central and southern portion of the state.
Oeceoclades maculata information from the global compendium. Oeceoclades maculata is a naturalized, invasive, terrestrial orchid in puerto rico and elsewhere in the neotropics. Plants profile for oeceoclades maculata monk orchid. Oeceoclades maculata, a fastspreading newcomer to florida the tropical species ground orchid, oeceoclades maculata syn. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. How to survive alone in the wilderness for 1 week eastern woodlands duration. A few species extend into very arid environments, unusual for an orchid.
Currently, this species is found throughout the neotropics, making it one of the most successful invasive plants stern, 1988 and it is included in the world compendium of weeds randall, 2012. Oeceoclades maculata is present in all four canopy cover classes, but it is most abundant in cover class 3 fig. Oeceoclades maculata, sometimes known as the monk orchid or african spotted orchid, is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus oeceoclades that is native to tropical africa and now naturalized in south and central america, the caribbean, and florida in north america. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information.
Updated for itis by the flora of north america expertise network, in connection with an update for usda plants 20072010 reference for. Monk orchid, african spotted orchid oeceoclades maculata flower. Here, 192, which is 56 % of the total population sampled, were counted. In cover class 3 5080 % forest cover in 1936, 192 of 343 plants were found at a density of 048 plants per 5.
Denise fonseca viciada em orquideas e suculentas 4,757 views. All the photos are from plants that have appeared on my property in the florida keys. Oeceoclades maculata selffertilising mode of reproduction is a factor that assists its spread. Pdf does oeceoclades maculata orchidaceae reabsorb nectar. Oeceoclades in kew science plants of the world online. The anatomy of the vegetative organs, peduncle and seeds of o. This species is considered nonnative to the neotropics, though its type specimen is from brazil. Oeceoclades in world checklist of selected plant families. Species orchid, the spurred oeceoclades oeceoclades calcarata. We are seeking expert input from land managers and scientists to complete our evaluation of this species. Oeceoclades maculata, the african spotted orchid, is native to africa and madagascar and is now found throughout the neotropics, making it one of the most successful invasive plants. Oeceoclades maculata ground orchid this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.
Orchidaceae of north america update, database version 2010 acquired. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about species orchid, the spurred oeceoclades oeceoclades calcarata supplied by member gardeners in. Oeceoclades maculata, a fastspreading newcomer to florida. Oeceoclades species oeceoclades maculata name synonyms aerobion maculatum lindl. Oeceoclades maculata, an alien tropical orchid in a caribbean. Oeceoclades maculata in kew science plants of the world online. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Robert grimm while leading a group of botany students through matheson hammock dade county in 1974 hammer, 1981.
Presented here is summary information about the species oeceoclades maculata from the global compendium of weeds, and citations of references to this species as a weed. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 8020 with original publication details. Your input is what allows the ufifas assessment to provide reliable, informed recommendations for the use of nonnative plant species in the state of florida. Click here for full growing information from the orchid internet species photo encyclopedia or oispe by jay pfahl. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Plants from four locations in soconusco, chiapas, mexico were selected. Oeceoclades maculata is a terrestrial orchid which probably originated in africa. Species, natural hybrid orchid, monk orchid, spotted. Oeceoclades, collectively known as the monk orchids, is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, orchidaceae. Monk orchid, lawn orchid, ground orchid, african spotted orchid synonymy. Foi proposto por john lindley, publicado em edwardss botanical register 18.
Oeceoclades maculata varies throughout the day fig. The plant list includes a further 1 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus oeceoclades. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Oeceoclades maculata in world checklist of selected plant families.